Original Research Article
Year: 2019 | Month: February | Volume: 9 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 51-67
Study of Pulmonary Functions in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Dr. Himani Ahluwalia1, Dr. Ayesha Syed1, Dr. Krishna Biswas2, Dr. J.C Suri3, Dr.Raj Kapoor1
1Department of Physiology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
2Department of Endocrinology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
3Department of Pulmonary Medicine, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
Corresponding Author: Dr. Himani Ahluwalia
ABSTRACT
Background: Hyperglycaemia is an important factor in initiation and progression of metabolic and microvascular complication in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Since pulmonary functions and gas exchange depends partly on the integrity of connective tissue and microcirculation within lungs, changes involving these structural components could lead to lung dysfunction and impaired gas exchange.
Aim: To assess the pulmonary functions in adolescent with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Methods: Thirty cases of T1DM of either sex (age range 10-19 year), age and sex matched thirty-three healthy subjects as controls were selected. The pulmonary function tests including diffusion study and ABG (arterial blood gas) analysis were done.
Results: All the absolute values of spirometry parameters FVC (Forced Vital Capacity), FEV1(Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec), FEV1/FVC ratio (FEV%), PEF(peak expiratory flow), MEF(Mid Expiratory Flow), MEF25%, MEF50%, MEF 75%, SVC(Slow Vital Capacity) and their values expressed as percentage of predicted values in T1DM group were lower as compared to healthy subjects. The difference was highly significant (p value<0.000). All the absolute values of diffusion study parameters DLCO (diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide), KCO or DLCO/ Va (Transfer coefficient or diffusion constant) in T1DM group were lower as compared to healthy subjects. The difference was highly significant (p value<0.000).
Conclusion: All the absolute values of spirometry values and diffusion study parameters in T1DM group were lower as compared to healthy subjects. The difference was highly significant (p value<0.000). But there was no significant correlation observed with HbA1c and duration of disease in T1DM.
Key words: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), pulmonary function, adolescent, hyperglycaemia.