Original Research Article
Year: 2016 | Month: November | Volume: 6 | Issue: 11 | Pages: 132-142
Effect of Age and Body Mass Index on Various Clinical and Anthropometric Parameters of Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Case-Control Study
Mohammad Mustufa Khan1, Gyanendra Kumar Sonkar2, Roshan Alam1, Sudhir Mehrotra3, M. Salman Khan4, Satyendra Kumar Sonkar5, Ajay Kumar1
1Dept of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
2Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
3Dept of Medicine, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
4Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
5In charge of Hemodialysis Unit, Department of Medicine, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
Corresponding Author: Gyanendra Kumar Sonkar
ABSTRACT
Background: Though much research has been carried out, still the pathological pathway of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is unclear. Prevalence of the disease is increasing with increment in comorbidities in younger to older Indian population.
Aim: The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the association of age intervals and Body Mass Index (BMI) with various clinical and anthropometric parameters in T2DM and age-matched healthy controls (AMHCs).
Methods: Total 300 subjects (150 T2DM and 150 AMHCs) were enrolled from urban and rural Northern India. Clinical and anthropometric parameters [BMI, Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR)] were analyzed in all subjects and associated with age groups (25-35 years, 36-45 years, 46-55 years, 56-65 years and 66-75 years) and BMI groups (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese).
Statistical analysis: P valueswere calculated by ANOVA unpaired t-test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In our study the maximum load of T2DM was found in age groups of 36-45 years and 46-55 years (30% and 26.7%, respectively). About 49.3% of T2DM and 48% of AMHCs were found obese. FBS, PPBS, HbA1c and SCr, SBP and DBP were observed significantly higher in T2DM as compared to AMHCs in all age groups (p<0.001) as well as in all BMI groups (p<0.001). Lipid profile abnormalities and poor glycemic controls were significantly observed mainly in the age group of 25-35 years and 36-45 years. In T2DM cases, BMI had significantly positive correlation with WC & WHR (r= +0.65, r= +0.65, respectively, p<0.001).
Conclusion: WC and WHR is an important marker for obesity than BMI in our study. WHR was the only significant predictor of BMI. Mainly, younger (25-35 years) and middle (36-45 years) age group have lipid profile abnormalities and poor glycemic controls in this study.
Key words: Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Body Mass Index, Glycated Haemoglobin, Waist Circumference, Waist-Hip Ratio.