Year: 2026 | Month: June | Volume: 16 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 1-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20260601
Correlates of Clinical Presentations and Histopathological Findings of Glomerular Disease Patients having Proteinuria
Gadhave Ram Panditrao1, Vidya Nand2
1Junior Resident, Department of General Medicine, 2Professor, Department of Nephrology,
Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, India.
Corresponding Author: Gadhave Ram Panditrao
ABSTRACT
Background: Glomerular diseases (GD) are a major cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure, commonly presenting with proteinuria, edema, hypertension, and renal dysfunction. Renal biopsy plays a crucial role in identifying the underlying histopathological subtype and guiding disease-specific management.
Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence, clinicopathological correlation, and histopathological spectrum of glomerular diseases in patients presenting with proteinuria.
Methodology: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted over (2024-25) at SRMS Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. A total 80 patients undergoing renal biopsy over the 18-month study period were included for this study using a complete enumeration approach. Relevant clinical history and a provisional diagnosis were documented for each patient. Prior to performing the renal biopsy, all patients underwent a series of investigations.
Results: Majority of participants belonged to the 31–39 years age group. There was a male preponderance in the study cohort (61% males). The mean proteinuria levels (3.78 ± 0.93 g/day) varied significantly among groups (p < 0.001). Edema was nearly universal (94%); Hypertension was significantly associated with diagnosis (p < 0.001). Oliguria and hematuria were also significantly associated with the diagnostic category (p < 0.001 each). Total cholesterol levels showed a significant difference as well (p < 0.001), with the highest values recorded in membranous nephropathy (334.5 mg/dL) and FSGS (305.7 mg/dL), consistent with hyperlipidemia commonly associated with nephrotic presentations.
Conclusions: Glomerular diseases in proteinuric adults predominantly affected young to middle-aged males, with IgA nephropathy being the most common histopathological diagnosis. Significant associations were observed between clinical features, biochemical parameters, and histopathological subtypes. Renal biopsy remains essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of glomerular diseases.
Key words: Proteinuria, glomerular disease, nephropathy, renal biopsy, IgA nephropathy.