Year: 2026 | Month: February | Volume: 16 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 61-67
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20260209
Influence of Target Size on Jump Convergence Assessment
Obioma-Elemba Jacqueline E1, Ubani U. A.2, Ebisike Philps I.3, Amuneke Chidinma L.4, Nwokeji Ogechi C.5
1Department of Optometry, Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
2Department of Optometry, Abia State University, Uturu, Abia State, Nigeria
3Department of Optometry, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
4Department of Dispensing Opticianry, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Imo state, Nigeria
5Silverspring Eye Clinic and Optical Dispensary, Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria
Corresponding Author: Obioma-Elemba Jacqueline E
ABSTRACT
Convergence ability is a vital part of clinical binocular vision assessment. Convergence is the disjugate movement of both eyes nasal-ward and it may be expressed as pursuit convergence or as jump convergence. Jump convergence describes the quality of convergence demonstrated when binocular fixation on a target is swiftly alternated from a distant or mid-distant target to a near target, creating a saccadic motion. Jump convergence ability is utilised in daily visual tasks; it is a crucial component in clinical binocular vision assessment, diagnosis of convergence problems and vision therapy activities. This study was aimed at determining the effect of target size on jump convergence. The study was carried out on a sample size of 170 university undergraduates, aged 16 – 30 years of age in Imo state, Nigeria. Various target sizes (N8, N6 and N5) were used to assess jump convergence ability in the participants, in order to determine any influence by the different target sizes on the jump convergence outcomes. The study outcomes revealed a strong positive correlation between the different test target sizes indicating a positive relationship between jump convergence and the test target sizes. No statistically significant effect was established for age in this study for jump convergence at the different target sizes of N8, N6 and N5 (P > 5%). The study concludes that target size must be considered during jump convergence assessments or activities and thus recommends the careful record of the test target size used for both jump convergence assessment and binocular vision training activities.
Key words: convergence, jump convergence, target size, binocular vision, saccadic, vision therapy