Year: 2026 | Month: February | Volume: 16 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 51-60
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20260208
Histopathological Spectrum of Ovarian Neoplasms in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study
Tushar Ghosh1, Prasenjit Roy2, Chayanika Saha3, Kulashekhar Bhattacharjee4
1MD Pathology, Senior Resident, Dept. of Pathology, Agartala Government Medical College & Gobind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Agartala (Tripura), 799006, India.
23rd year PG Resident, Dept. of Pathology, Agartala Government Medical College & Gobind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Agartala (Tripura), 799006, India.
33rd year PG Resident, Dept. of Pathology, Agartala Government Medical College & Gobind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Agartala (Tripura), 799006, India.
4MD Pathology, Associate Professor, Dept. of Pathology, Agartala Government Medical College & Gobind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Agartala (Tripura), 799006, India.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Tushar Ghosh
ABSTRACT
Background: Ovarian neoplasms show a wide range of histopathological patterns and remain a major cause of gynecological morbidity and mortality. Accurate histopathological classification is essential for appropriate clinical management and prognostication.
Objectives: To study the histopathological spectrum of ovarian neoplasms in a tertiary care hospital, to determine the relative frequency of benign, borderline, and malignant tumours, and to analyze their age-wise distribution.
Materials and Methods: This hospital-based observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Agartala Government Medical College and Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital, Agartala, from November 2022 to April 2024. A total of 130 surgically resected ovarian tumour specimens were included. Specimens were processed routinely and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Tumours were classified into surface epithelial, germ cell, and sex cord-stromal tumours, and further categorized as benign, borderline, or malignant. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and expressed as frequencies and percentages.
Results: Out of 130 cases, 67 involved the right ovary, 58 the left ovary, and 5 were bilateral. The most affected age group was 41–50 years (28.5%), followed by 31–40 years (24.6%). Surface epithelial tumours constituted the majority (74.6%), followed by germ cell tumours (18.5%) and sex cord-stromal tumours (6.9%). Among surface epithelial tumours, serous tumours were most common, with serous cystadenoma being the predominant benign lesion. Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was the most common malignant ovarian neoplasm in the present study.
Conclusion: Surface epithelial tumours form the predominant category of ovarian neoplasms, with serous cystadenoma being the most common benign tumour. The peak incidence was observed in the 41–50-year age group. Histopathological examination remains the gold standard for diagnosis and classification of ovarian tumours. Regional studies such as the present one provide valuable baseline data for understanding disease patterns and improving early diagnosis and patient care.
Key words: Ovarian neoplasm, Surface epithelial tumours, Serous cystadenoma, Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, Mature cystic teratoma.