Year: 2025 | Month: September | Volume: 15 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 9-13
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250902
Prevalence of Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (T2DM) Among Rural Population: A Hospital Based Study
Kush Manna1, Dr. Jaya Jain2
1Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Biochemistry, Index Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Indore (M.P.)
2Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Index Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Indore (M.P.)
Corresponding Author: Kush Manna
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a common metabolic syndrome in India, with a history dating back to 1500 BC. It affects carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, affecting insulin production or its respond against glucose. The International Diabetes Federation reports an 8.8% prevalence, with 463 million cases. Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) levels are used to detect diabetes.
Aims & Objectives: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus type 2 in rural populations by assessing Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) levels.
Materials & Methods: A study was conducted on 200 individuals aged 35-60 years, excluding those with pancreatic cancer, surgical removal of pancreas, pregnant women, and those under 30 years old. Blood samples were collected from the Department of Medicine and tests were performed in the Department of Biochemistry at Index Medical College, Indore. Methods used included Trinder's (1969) method and Nathan D M et al. (2008) method.
Results: Out of 200 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, 117 are male and 83 are female, with a higher prevalence of male patients. The prevalence is highest between ages 36-40, with the minimum number of patients being between 56-60. The HbA1c value for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes is 6.86±0.21%, while the control group's HbA1c is 5.215±0.33%. The mean fasting blood sugar (FBS) values for newly diagnosed T2DM and control groups are 130.36±2.69 mg/dl and 102.45±9.39 mg/dl, respectively.
Discussion: The study found a higher prevalence of Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus type 2 in male patients (58.5%) than female patients (41.5%). The highest prevalence was found in the young age group (36-40 years old) and the lowest in the older age group (46-50 years old). The mean glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood sugar levels of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 2 patients and the control group were 6.68±0.21% and 5.215±0.33 mg/dl, respectively.
Conclusion & Summary: A study at Index Medical College in Indore found that 58.5% of newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients were male, with the highest prevalence in the 36–40-year age group. The mean HbA1c level and fasting blood sugar levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients, indicating impaired glucose regulation. This suggests increased vulnerability in midlife due to lifestyle and genetic factors.
Key words: Diabetes Mellitus type 2, Fasting Blood Sugar, Glycated Haemoglobin, Male, Female