Year: 2025 | Month: April | Volume: 15 | Issue: 4 | Pages: 219-226
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20250431
Impact of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Medications on Post Void Residual Volume: A Retrospective Study
Husain Jaafar1, Lamees D. Almuqahwi1
1Department of Urology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Bahrain
Corresponding Author: Husain Jaafar, Lamees D. Almuqahwi
ABSTRACT
Introduction: A Benign Obstructive Uropathy (BPH) is a commonly observed cause of Bladder Outlet Obstruction (BOO) among old males. A clinical concern associated with this condition in the form of associated complications such as recurrent urinary tract infection, acute urinary retention and post renal failure.
The Post Void Residual volume (PVR) is considered as a good prognostic tool in ways of diagnosis and follow up the patients with BPH. Hence, this retrospective cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the efficacy of various BPH medications in the reduction of PVR. Accordingly, data were gathered from medical records of patients treated in Salmaniya Medical Complex in the Kingdom of Bahrain over two years. The result offers an insight into the value of various medical therapy in treatment of high PVR.
Methodology: In this study we collected data retrospectively from urology clinics from August 2022 to August 2024. The study included men aged 40 years old and older who were diagnosed with bladder outlet obstruction secondary to BPH at Salmaniya Medical Complex in the Kingdom of Bahrain. BPH was confirmed through combination of clinical symptoms as well as utilizing the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) along with radiological assessment via trans-abdominal ultrasound demonstrating an enlarged prostate volume more than 25 ml. However, the study excluded patients who had incomplete medical records, previous surgical interventions, and presence of concomitant urological conditions that could compromise bladder function or patients receiving BPH treatment at facilities other than Salmaniya Medical Complex.
Result: A total of 220 patients’ data were collected in the study. However, 19 patients were excluded from the study due to excluding criteria. Moreover, the patients divided into two groups; group with Alpha-Blockers treatment “group A”: total of 101 Patients in this treatment group presented a mean baseline for PVR of 90 ± 25 ml which decreased to 65 ± 20 ml in the 12 month, resulting a mean reduction of 25 ml. On the other hand, the group with Combination Therapy “group B”: total of 100 patients demonstrated the most significant improvement, with a mean baseline for PVR of 90 ± 35 ml, that reduced to 50 ± 15 mL at 12 months, resulting in a mean reduction of 40 ml. In addition, patients with a higher baseline of PVR (>100 ml) presented with more significant improvements in both treatment manners. Although, in combination therapy group, patients with a baseline PVR greater than 100 ml achieved an average reduction of 45 ml, in alpha-blockers group all baseline PVR levels consistently reduced. Accordingly, in combination therapy group the treatment was particularly effective for patients with prostate sizes exceeding 40 ml.
Conclusion: This study highlights the significance of BPH medications in improving patient condition, mainly focusing on PVR treatment. It emphasizes that this treatment should be adapted for specific characters and preferences of the patients. However, more prospective studies are needed to not only confirm the efficacy of the medical treatment, but also to study the long-term efficacy of these medications on patient health and quality of life.
Key words: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, post void residual volume, Alpha blockers, 5 Alpha reductase inhibitors, Bladder outlet obstruction.