Review Article
Year: 2021 | Month: September | Volume: 11 | Issue: 9 | Pages: 83-96
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210913
Climatological Nephropathy: An Overview
Priya Jaswal1, Priyanka2, Jhilli Basu3
1Pharmacologist, Department of Pharmacology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College & Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh
2Assistant Professor, Sri Sai Institute of Pharmacy, Pathankot, Himachal Pradesh
3Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College & Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh
Corresponding Author: Priya Jaswal
ABSTRACT
Globally hike in temperature provokes the heat waves, results in heat stress and becomes a silent health peril to the existing population. Today, heat stress or climatological stress is one of the dominant pathological conditions which comes in focus when the body means of handling its thermoregulatory function starts to fail, show its associated symptoms followed by eventual loss of consciousness and finally death. The condition of heat stress along with intermittent dehydration worsens the renal damage and enhances the risk of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), results in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, CKD comes up as a leading cause of death, specifically in those patients having long-lasting medical conditions like heart problem, hypertension, diabetes and obesity etc. High temperature, work rate, humidity and working time wearing accessories, all become mitigating factors for causing heat stress. Distinguish molecular ups and downs specifically decrease production of uric acid (polyol-fructokinase pathway), increase ROS (oxidative stress), intracellular Ca2+ overload (mitochondrial dysfunctioning) and decrease NO (vascular endothelial dysfunctioning) has been responsible for the severe outcomes of Climatological Nephropathy (CN) or Heat Stress Nephropathy (HSN). However, prevention is the best approach to dealing with heat-related illness, therefore, the Government established some valuable policies as a preventive measures. This review epitomizes the alarming outcomes of the heat stress followed by recurrent dehydration and also enlightened the global talk of HSN, pathogenicity, molecular level peculiarities and recommended measures for HSN.
Key words: Acute Kidney Injury, Chronic Kidney Disease, Nephropathy, Mitochondrial Dysfunctioning.